One Year Later: How H.R. 1's SNAP Policy Changes Are Reverberating Across the Food System

In July 2025, the passage of H.R. 1, the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act,” set in motion the most consequential changes to the federal food safety net since its inception. For the more than 37 million Americans who count on the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program to meet their basic food needs, the law’s implications are wide-ranging, from restrictions on eligibility to cuts to monthly benefits. H.R. 1 also carries downstream effects beyond SNAP. It has consequences for participants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, federal school meals, Medicaid, and the emergency food system – and raises pointed questions about the administration’s parallel agendas to both reduce federal spending and improve Americans’ diets and health.

This brief, produced by the Center for Science in the Public Interest and the Global Food Institute at the George Washington University, brings together available information on H.R. 1’s scope, its ripple effects, and the communities most at risk of losing funding and food access as its provisions continue to unfold.

View the resource below to keep reading.